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Home / Issues / № 2, 2013

Materials of the conference "EDUCATION AND SCIENCE WITHOUT BORDERS"

Educational Technologies in a System of Higher Education Institutions
Strelnikova T. D.
Nowadays a lecturer is not limited in the choice of educational means and contemporary educational trends are oriented on practice. The expansion of pedagogical methods and instructional devices, educational innovations have a great impact on the character of pedagogical activity. The society development leads to the need for changes even in universal forms of training. That’s why it is vital to combine traditional and innovational technologies in education.

Today, in spite of the different interpreting of two notions – pedagogical and educational technologies, experts have reached common ground in issues of the given technologies’ essence and their implementation sphere.

The formation of scientific thinking is, in the first place, the framework of categories and concepts forming, the knowledge of the newest scientific paradigms and social and cultural conceptions and theories, which are implemented in science.

Not by the light of nature but in accordance with common sense, the teaching staff is trying to achieve the maximum training results by means of modern technologies that meet the new standards.

On the one hand, practicians believe that technologies are the means of the desirable results achieving. However, the misuse of conservative or classical terms by some authors, leads to some controversial questions, such as: What is the difference between technologies and teaching methods? Are investigation or project methods and technologies the same notions? What are pragmatic approaches and technologies?

It is essential to lay emphasis on the binary character of the notion “technology”: the complex of actions and conditions leading to the planned results and the interaction of diverse activities providing.

Whatever the assessment instruments, the educational outcomes are vividly seen and measured as they are always integral and evident in the activity itself.

 

John Dewey, the great American philosopher- pragmatist, once said: “Our schools are overloaded by many disciplines which have different materials and principles. The objective of our teachers is to concentrate on a student’s individuality. In order to avoid any dispersion we are to work out some common direction, the united principle”.

The highly technological pragmatic approach towards educational processes is in line with a teacher’s competence and knowledge of a person’s psyche and the corresponding pedagogical influence. What develops will, concentration, thinking and communication? How to organize the training process under the conditions of individual and teamwork activity? How to shift the role of a teacher who transmits some knowledge and to make a student-researcher, an autonomous and self-sufficient participant studying definite principles, rules and ways of the given activity? What are the key educational principles? 

The next important question corresponds to technological knowledge and skills. The stated skills are correlated with the techniques and means organizing of consulting, training, learning, imitating, project work oriented on the children and adults educating.

Finally, such essential components as individual and team learning with the help of reflexive and project techniques and skills that contribute to teachers’ self-education in the field of individual and collective reflexing.

We can’t implement the technological approach without the stated psychological and pedagogical knowledge and means of educational processes. The carrying-out of the technological approach enables to achieve the desirable goals and results in the new school creating.

The traditional system of professional training focuses on educational process where participants perform subject-object roles: a teacher- subject acts in accordance with strictly defined plans and programs and limited conditions.

Innovations are to stimulate students. And a teacher is to become a senior tutor or mentor but not just an observer. How to combine two opposite systems? It can be done by means of the active life philosophy creating with the help of the traditional practice.

The IT-based education taking into account the integral tendencies of the disciplines studying and the environment contributes to the new approaches implementing by means of technical and didactic potential aimed at the development of a student personality, the creativity level increasing, the alternative thinking and the formation of the problem-solving strategies based on informative and communicative technologies. So the problem of the professional competence creating is of vital importance in the information and education environment shaping.

The information and education space is defined as the space of personal changes in the process of the educational objectives achieving by means of modern IT which construct any educational institute, region or sector into autonomous information and education space.

The information and education space is the idea carrier of educational space under the conditions of information civilization which is administrated in line with such cyber criteria as purposefulness, quick acting, economical efficiency and self-learning on the basis of the definite feed-back.

Under the conditions of the intensive of information and communication technologies implementing in educational environment the professional competence creating of a perspective specialist depends on his/her activity degree: the higher aptitude level of learning the higher degree of his professional development is achieved and the following transformation processes are likely to happen- education - self-education, actualization - self-actualization, development- self-development. The didactic potential of such a space enables to reach the training individualizing through the tactics and means differentiating and modern information and communication technologies implementing.

The project technology realizing also takes place in the information and education space. The work-out and back-up of the university chair’s Internet site make the normative and educating materials available for students, stimulate their self-study. The advantage of the e-resources using is seen in logical structuring of lections and in the opportunity of valid and frequent self-learning.

Students also work out their own sites and their forums enable participants to gain the additional information. They define the actualization degree, divide forums according to subject sections, correct some answers.

The Internet-space using helps to enlarge the search frontiers and find some supplementary materials in native and foreign languages, analyze some scientific experience.

The information and education space as the sphere of the professional competence creating forms the perspective specialist’s key and general professional competences, specialized and highly specialized competences aimed at the combining of reflexing, self-education and self-cognition, and accumulating the traditional and innovative systems of knowledge in cultural and educational fields. 

Pedagogical technologies are the complex of actions and procedures, which guarantee the diagnosed and projected results under the changing conditions of any educational process. And the training technology helps teachers to achieve the planned goals.

Some world changes and modern development of economic, social and cultural life cause the need for the urgent reforming of educational system. In spite of all contradictions, educational innovations are the means of successful development of any society. However, modern tendencies shouldn’t neglect the rewarding experience of the traditional education.



References:
1. Klimenko T.K. Traditions and innovations in pedagogical education. URL: www.uni- altai.ru/Journal/pedagog/pedagog_7/a05.html (entrance date 08.02.13)


Bibliographic reference

Strelnikova T. D. Educational Technologies in a System of Higher Education Institutions. International Journal Of Applied And Fundamental Research. – 2013. – № 2 –
URL: www.science-sd.com/455-24486 (20.04.2024).