Recently, philosophers, social scientists, representatives of science are actively discussing the problem of rationality, in the philosophy and methodology of science, it has become one of the most pressing. Different approaches to the problem of constructing the modern theory of rationality ascertain the fact that the differences in variations of this design are still the basis for determining the concept of "rationality."

Currently, there is a fairly wide-ranging views on the problem of rationality, it allows in this tutorial we use a variety of approaches to the identification of not only the purely semantic load, which carries the term "rationality" and also allows you to go to those related problems, or precisely those characteristics through which this paper will not only discloses very meaning of "rational," but the transition is done to those derivatives and related categories, which allow to recover not only the methodological point of rationality, but identify some of the main areas the implementation of which allows us to derive the concept of rationality to the most advanced range of research within this field [1].

Nevertheless, the historical approach to the understanding of rationality in science is not widely used until the late 50's - early 60's. Careful attention of historians and philosophers of science to the scientific revolutions that change the very criteria of rational knowledge, and in this sense resembles, according to Kuhn's conception, something like "gestalt switch", led to the establishment of pluralism historically successive forms of rationality.

In the modern interpretation of the rational should distinguish two related points: on the one hand, not completely formalized knowledge, and on the other - what is necessary to adopt provisions to the effect, that the mere sound not be reduced to a logically rational [2]. Consideration of the nature of rationality itself, its values ​​within human life or role as a social and cultural value is currently one of the most pressing issues that attract a lot of attention of scientists. The ambiguity in the formulation of the problem is related, first, to those historical moments that are played at different levels in the discussion of this issue, and secondly, the problem often comes down to the effectiveness of the use of the concept of "rationality."

2. Toulmin Art. The human understanding. Moscow, 1984.