The economy of Russia represents the multiregional organism functioning on the basis of vertical (the center - regions) and interregional, horizontal links and entering into system of the world economic relations [1].

Regional problems in the conditions of lack of purposeful regional policy escalated so that threatens the existence of the state [2]. Regional interests of the subject of Federation represent understanding by territorial administrations, the population of the region of the specific sociocultural, economic and political features for creation or achievement of favorable conditions of steady functioning and region development on the basis of unconditional acceptance of national interests and values of a federal state.

Interest in a sustainable development of territories, in enhancement of regional potentials in all spheres of public life can be an essence of regional interests. To reduce influence of possible regional problems which can lead to system structurally crisis, it is necessary to define precisely the maintenance of regional interests and their interaction with the state interests, interests of other regions and their population.

The state interests have more abstract character.

The regional policy is included into system of public administration and carries out peculiar functions in this system. First, it accumulates and recycles elements of other regional policies (financial and budgetary, social, ecological, tax, industrial etc.), secondly, establishes independent requirements to all other aspects of administrative activity. During the formation and realization of regional policy actions of specialized politician are estimated from the point of view of their compliance to conditions and opportunities of the concrete region, pass through procedures of coordination and correction of federal and regional interests taking into account requirements of complex social and economic development of regions and the strategic directions of territorial development within the state. The objective assessment of a condition of social and economic development of regions and its organizational component as subject of managing always was one of the most important problems of regional policy.

Now subjects of Federation have opportunities to influence the process of carrying out reforms, creation of market infrastructure and favorable investment climate and by that to create conditions for normal economic activity in the subordinated territory and to solve the majority of problems of social development.

Activity of regional governing bodies is based on an objective assessment of natural and economic capacity of the territory and branch structure of economy; demographic situation, manpower and employment; financial position and budgetary security of the territory; level and quality of life of the population; economic situation of the enterprises; developments of various forms of ownership; ecology and uses of natural resources; existence and use of the state regional ownership for the solution of social and economic problems and attraction of additional investment resources.

Modern researches of a condition of territorial development should be conducted in a complex at federal and regional levels as problems of regional policy within all state significantly differ from problems of the certain taken region. The important place in a control system of political and social and economic processes at regional level belongs to the mechanism of interaction of regional authorities with the central bodies which has to be based on the principles of independence of each power structure within powers conferred to it; responsibility of territorial heads for implementation of joint decisions; interest in implementation of the made joint decisions.

In this system it is possible to allocate traditional administrative receptions (administrative and legal measures of regulation of regional development: acceptance of special federal programs, resolutions and the decrees regulating social and economic development).   Now more than hundred federal target programs of development of regions were carried out in all subjects of Federation of east part of the country and the North Caucasus, and also part of regions of the European part of the country (except for the Central Chernozem region) [3]. 

Priority tasks of the regional policy directed on increase of economic safety of the region, will be:

1) support vital for the population of the region of the enterprises and objects of infrastructure;

2) providing conditions for normal activity of the population;

3) provision of assistance to priority development of enterprises the most profitable and perspective on this period, and in enterprises with long-term economic benefits in the General system of territorial division of labor;

4) development of regional infrastructure.

2. Granberg A. the Strategy of territorial social and economic development of Russia: from idea to implementation / A. Granberg // Questions of economy. - 2001. - № 9. - C. 15.

3. NM Mezhevich the Main directions of regional policy of the Russian Federation, Tutorial Part 2. Mechanisms for regional policy, 350300