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Home / Issues / № 6, 2018

Psychology

RETRAINING AND ADVANCED TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS IN THE FIELD OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY AS A TRAINING BUILT ON THE BASIS OF STATE EDUCATIONAL STANDARD OF HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN MEDICAL SCHOOL
Abdulaeva P.Z., Osmanova A.A., Abdulaeva Kh.S., Yakubova D.M.
Abstract:: This article States that a clinical psychologist in health care institutions is a specialist whose duties include both participation in psychodiagnostic and psychocorrection activities, and in the treatment process as a whole. That the General task of the clinical psychologist in medical institutions is his participation in the pathogenetic and differential diagnosis of various diseases, treatment and social and labor adaptation of patients.

 

key words: clinical psychology, education, retraining, psychotherapy technique, supervision, psychocorrection.

Clinical (medical) psychology - a branch of psychology (at the junction with psychiatry), studying mental phenomena in terms of their relationship with disease. The field of clinical psychology includes the diagnosis of mental health, the organization and conduct of research to understand psychophysiological problems and the development, implementation and evaluation of psychological correction. Psychotherapeutic methods of clinical psychology: counseling, individual psychotherapy, family psychotherapy, family counseling and various forms of support for people experiencing psychological problems associated with physical health disorders. The General task of the clinical psychologist in medical institutions is his participation in the pathogenetic and differential diagnosis of various diseases, treatment and social and labor adaptation of patients. Specific tasks can be defined as follows: participation in solving the problems of differential diagnosis; analysis of the structure and establishment of the degree of mental disorders; diagnosis of mental development and the choice of ways of General education and labor training and retraining; characteristics of the individual and the system of its relations; assessment of the dynamics of neuropsychiatric disorders and taking into account the effectiveness of therapy, the solution of expert tasks, participation in psychocorrection, psychotherapeutic and rehabilitation work with patients.

Modern clinical psychology has a large Arsenal of research methods. Most of these methods are borrowed from General psychology, some of them are created in clinical psychology as clinical psychological techniques. Conventionally, all methods of psychology can be divided into non-standardized and standardized. Non-standardized methods presented primarily by a set of so-called pathopsychological techniques (Zeigarnik, S. ya. Rubinstein, Poles), differ "sighting", focus on certain types of mental pathology, and their choice is carried out individually for a particular subject. These techniques are created to study specific types of mental disorders. In terms of psychological experiment, they are selectively used to identify the characteristics of mental processes in accordance with the task, in particular differential diagnosis.

Clinical and psychological method (method of work with patients) - informal, in-depth, individualized, ideographic (descriptive) method.

Clinical and psychological methods of personality research:

1) Conversation

(2) Interviews

3) Anamnestic method

(4) Observation

5) Study of products and activities

Psychological problems not only of the sick person, but also of the person with difficulties of social adaptation and self-realization became priority.

The most important component of training in psychotherapy is supervision. Unlike psychotherapists, supervision in the training of clinical psychologist affects two main aspects of the work: the conduct of psychodiagnostics and the use of psychotherapeutic methods. The next stage in the training of clinical psychologist after receiving a diploma of completion of a full course of additional training during the period of independent practice are the cycles of General and thematic improvement (at least once every five years). These educational programs are implemented at the faculties of postgraduate education by the departments of psychotherapy and clinical psychology, at the faculties of clinical psychology of medical universities, in the educational centers of specialized research institutes. [3]. Clinical psychologist, along with the mandatory basic and additional professional training in clinical psychology, can receive public accreditation and public professional status within the competence of national and international professional organizations. Currently, for optimal interaction between a doctor and a clinical psychologist during differential diagnostic pathopsychological examination, joint training programs are offered at the stage of advanced training of doctors and psychologists, which contributes to a better understanding between them, a more accurate definition of the goals, objectives and possibilities of using psychological and clinical data in diagnosis and subsequent rehabilitation [1]. Experience in providing psychological assistance with the involvement of psychologists with additional training in clinical psychology, showed a sufficiently high efficiency of their activities. This is due to a number of circumstances.

The dynamics of development of the system of mental health care involves retraining of psychologists in clinical psychology to work not only in health care, but also in educational institutions, social services, social protection, etc. [2].

The most important task is the creation and implementation of continuous education in the form of a coherent system of interrelated training programs that allow for systematic basic and additional training of clinical psychologists. Programs of continuous training and approximate thematic curricula of training in the specialty of clinical (medical) psychology are presented in the order of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation of 26.11.96 № 391 "on training of medical psychologists for institutions providing psychiatric and psychotherapeutic assistance". Order of the Ministry of education of the Russian Federation of 02.03.2000 № 686) approved the specialty "clinical psychology". Training is based on the State educational standard of higher professional education in the specialty 022700 "Clinical psychology", approved by the Ministry of education of the Russian Federation on March 17, 2000 [3]. Practical tasks and functions of clinical psychologist.

Clinical psychologist in health care institutions - a specialist whose responsibilities include both participation in psychodiagnostic and psychocorrection activities, and in the treatment process as a whole. Medical care is provided by a team of specialists. Such a" brigade " model of medical care initially appeared in psychotherapeutic and psychiatric services. The center of the team is the attending physician working together with a psychotherapist, clinical psychologist and social work specialist. Each of them carries out its own diagnostic, treatment and rehabilitation plan under the guidance of the attending physician and in close cooperation with other specialists. But such a "brigade" model in health care is not yet widespread enough, and the speed of its spread depends on the availability of psychological personnel. But so far, unfortunately, the domestic health care system is not ready for this.

The activities of a psychologist in a medical institution aimed at:

1) increasing mental resources and adaptive capacity of a person;

2) harmonization of mental development;

(3) health care;

4) prevention and psychological rehabilitation. The subject of clinical psychologist.

It is possible to consider mental processes and States, individual and interpersonal features, the social and psychological phenomena which are shown in various areas of human activity.

Therefore, it is important to emphasize that a clinical psychologist is a specialist who can work not only in clinics but also in institutions of another profile: education, social protection, etc.these are institutions in which it is necessary to study in - depth the personality of a person and provide him with psychological assistance.

Thus, it is possible to outline very briefly the role of clinical psychologist in medical institutions: he does not treat, he contributes to the most complete diagnosis and realization of human capabilities in the process of recovery and social rehabilitation.



References:
1. Karvasarsky B. D. Clinical psychology. Peter. 2004.

2. Medical newspaper. Professional medical publication. No. 63 19.08.2011 http://www.mgzt.ru

3. Scientific article:" on the issue of training, retraining and advanced training of specialists in the field of clinical psychology " Pavlova D. D. MGPPU, Moscow, Russia. PsyJournals.ru"files...metadigital…

4. Osmanov V. O., Vezirov T. G., Abdulaeva Р. Z. Computer technologies in professional education. Methodical manual. Makhachkala: Yiwu and B, 2003. - 110 p.

5. Abdulaeva P. Z. "Pedagogy as a science. The subject and tasks of pedagogy " - Educational and methodical development for students. / Under the editorship of candidate of pedagogical Sciences Abdullayeva P. Z./ - Makhachkala: the CPI of the DSEA, 2010. - 20s.



Bibliographic reference

Abdulaeva P.Z., Osmanova A.A., Abdulaeva Kh.S., Yakubova D.M. RETRAINING AND ADVANCED TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS IN THE FIELD OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY AS A TRAINING BUILT ON THE BASIS OF STATE EDUCATIONAL STANDARD OF HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN MEDICAL SCHOOL. International Journal Of Applied And Fundamental Research. – 2018. – № 6 –
URL: www.science-sd.com/478-25449 (29.03.2024).